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Introduction and aim Hyperprolactinaemia in pregnancy leads to mild and reversible changes in the maternal skeletal system, and medicamentous hyperprolactinemia causes more detrimental effects. We conducted an experimental study to evaluate differences between Prlr gene expression in the duodenum, vertebrae and kidneys during physiological and medicamentous hyperprolactinaemia, which could influence...
Objective To determine the efficacy of low-dose radioactive iodine (RAI) therapy (30 mCi, 1110 MBq) in Chinese patients with intermediate- to high-risk papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) without distant metastasis. Design and methods This large retrospective study included Chinese patients with PTC that tested negative for thyroglobulin antibodies. Patients were categorized into low-dose (30 mCi, 1110...
Purpose Evidence on clinical presentation, evaluation, and management of patients with primary adrenal insufficiency (PAI) due to bilateral adrenal infiltrative disease is scarce. Our objective was to review the clinical presentation, biochemical work-up, imaging findings, and management of patients with PAI due to infiltrative adrenal disease in order to determine the best diagnostic and management...
Purpose PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway activation is common in GH-secreting pituitary tumours, and a target for treatment with mTOR inhibitors, including everolimus (EVE). The current study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of two PI3K inhibitors (PI3Ki), NVP-BKM120 and NVP-BYL719, alone and in combination with EVE in rat GH-secreting pituitary tumour cell line (GH3) and human GH-secreting pituitary tumour cell...
Aim Resistance to thyroid hormone (RTH), characterized by persistent hyperthyroxinemia with non-suppressed thyrotropin (TSH), is mostly caused by mutations in thyroid hormone receptor beta gene (THRB). Two differential diagnoses should be considered due to similar clinical and laboratory findings: TSH-producing pituitary adenoma (TPA) and Familial Dysalbuminemic Hyperthyroxinemia (FDH). The aim of...
Objective Many studies have confirmed the glucose-lowering effect of berberine in type 2 diabetes patients. Although the mechanism of action of berberine involves the improvement of insulin sensitivity, its hypoglycemic mechanism remains elusive. Here we show a new mechanism by which berberine antagonizes glucagon signaling and find that SIRT3 is involved in the hypoglycemic effect of berberine. ...
The role of antipituitary antibodies in the pathophysiology of pituitary hormone deficiency has been increasingly elucidated over the last decade. Prader-Willi syndrome is a genetic disorder which includes hypothalamic/pituitary dysfunction as one of its main features. We looked for autoimmune pituitary involvement in 55 adults with Prader-Willi syndrome, discovering that about 30% of them have a...
Objective Insulin resistance is highly associated with an adverse intrauterine environment. We previously reported that fetal rats exposed to angiotensin II type 1 receptor (AT1R) autoantibody (AT1-AA) displayed increased susceptibility to metabolic diseases during middle age. However, the timing of the onset of insulin resistance remains unknown. In this study, we examined the offspring of AT1-AA-positive...
Objective To assess prospectively the prevalence of impulse control disorders (ICD), psychiatric symptoms, and their clinical correlates in patients with prolactinoma receiving dopamine agonists (DA) in comparison to those with non-functioning pituitary adenomas (NFA) and healthy controls (HC). Methods A total of 25 patients with prolactinoma, 31 with NFA, and 32 HCs were included in the study....
Purpose Medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) derives from the parafollicular C-cells of the thyroid gland. Somatostatin receptors (SSTRs) are expressed in various neuroendocrine tumours including MTC. The aim of this study was to evaluate SSTR2A as a prognostic factor for MTC, to study distribution of SSTR2A expression within tumours and to compare expression of SSTR2A between primary tumours and corresponding...
Purpose The most common etiology of Cushing’s syndrome (CS) is an ACTH-producing pituitary adenoma (pitCS), reported as 2–3 times more frequent than primary adrenal CS (adrCS). We aimed to analyze and compare features of patients with pitCS and adrCS. Methods A retrospective file review of 196 consecutive patients (age 46.8 ± 15.6 years, 76% female) diagnosed with CS in 2000–2017 and followed for...
Objectives To investigate the safety and efficacy of once-weekly glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonist semaglutide as monotherapy or add-on to other antihyperglycaemic agents (AHAs) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Methods PubMed, Embase, Cochrane library and ClinicalTrials.gov were searched from the inception to January 18, 2018. Randomised controlled trials (RCTs) comparing...
Purpose To evaluate the reliability of intermittent intraoperative neuromonitoring (I-IONM) through recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN) stimulation and laryngeal palpation in predicting postoperative vocal cord palsy and to examine the reliability of this technique in providing useful information in the decision to perform a staged surgery in initially planned total thyroidectomy. Methods This was a...
Purpose Many pheochromocytomas and paragangliomas (PPGLs) are nowadays diagnosed as incidentalomas or by screening. This may have changed outcomes. Methods We reviewed 110 consecutive cases of PPGLs. Two cases with concurrent ectopic ACTH-syndrome were excluded. Results Sixty-five percent had presented as incidentalomas, 30% as symptomatic PPGLs, and 5% had been screened (previously diagnosed...
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